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Author Topic: Teaching Performance Skills and Psychologies  (Read 563 times)
harmonyharmony
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« Reply #15 on: 10:23:22, 19-09-2008 »

HH, thanks - that (the integration of singers into all this) is one of my concerns too. Not that I don't think they CAN be integrated - of course they can - but they themselves don't always believe it. The key there is 'breathing', I think; but there is also the 'telling a story'/ narrative angle, which I find very helpful.

Oh yes - breathing. Even if they're a pianist they have to think about breathing.
Also 'telling a story' doesn't have to be an actual story. I'd be interested to develop a narrative around a piece with a student and then get them to take a step outside of that story, and reduce it down to what you might call its dramaturgical essence. Not quite sure how to do that but it would be fun!

Another thing that's become one of my pet projects is to get students to think about different kinds of articulation and distinguishing between them.
It's often covered in the technique parts of their lessons but it rarely seems to translate out of technical exercises into the performance of actual pieces.
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Ron Dough
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« Reply #16 on: 10:58:19, 19-09-2008 »

This might seem facile after some of the points made so far, but I'd suggest that it's very important for a performer to discover what sort of pre-performance behaviour works best for him/her best. This is almost certainly more extreme for stage performers, but, nevertheless, knowing whether being quiet by yourself or having a chat and a joke with others gets you into a better frame of mind is important: does meditating on the material, or switching off completely for a spell beforehand prepare each individual better? What difference does food (or the lack of it) make? (And drink, for that matter.) Understanding which routines put one in the right frame of mind, and the difference in results when one is comfortable and one is not is a useful lesson to learn as soon as possible.

Are you going to look at strategies for coping with pre-performance nerves?
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martle
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« Reply #17 on: 11:04:36, 19-09-2008 »

Are you going to look at strategies for coping with pre-performance nerves?

I might well do so, Ron. I've got to be careful with time, though - it's a very short course. But I think what you say above is very true and is equally applicable to all performers in my experience. I've known musicians of both types - i.e. those who need to 'meditate' or zone out in some way on their own before performing, and those who are excited and chatty. I did a concert recently during the interval of which three of the players got themselves into a seemingly uncontrollable and very long fit of hysterics. They were weeping with laughter and couldn't stop. We were quite worried about the 2nd half - mere minutes away. What happened? They went out on stage and played better than they ever had before! Takes all sorts?  Cheesy
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harmonyharmony
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« Reply #18 on: 11:09:11, 19-09-2008 »

It's something that we cover, although I'm not convinced that we cover it in anywhere near enough detail.

I remember seeing a round table interview in York involving Ian Pace just before he delivered a thunderous recital of Finnissy, Lumsdaine and Fox. Roger Marsh asked him why he was participating in a discussion when most 'normal people' (Roger's words) would be gibbering in a darkened room before a performance like this. Ian's reply was quite simple: if he wasn't out there talking about the music, he would be gibbering in a darkened room.

We also talk about not being too comfortable before a performance. In my experience some people find that if they're too laid back, the performance lacks something so they learn to tailor their pre-performance rituals to cater for this.

Half of the problem of discussing it is that there is no one-size-fits-all answer and it involves practice. The students find this off-putting and would like some quick fix solution but in the end it comes down to what works for the individual. I suppose it's just a matter of giving them strategies as well as opening it up for discussion so that they actually think about what they need, rather than just being aware that it's a problem.
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'is this all we can do?'
anonymous student of the University of Berkeley, California quoted in H. Draper, 'The new student revolt' (New York: Grove Press, 1965)
http://www.myspace.com/itensemble
trained-pianist
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« Reply #19 on: 11:45:07, 19-09-2008 »

I am going to talk about where to put your attention when practicing.
In the book that I have there is an interesting example from Stanislavky school. In this example a student is required to just sit on the stage. The curtain opens and she just sits. She sits for a while and then the curtains close down.
The student could not do it. However, when she has to collect bolts from the floor or wait for someone who is looking through his paper, she is capable of sitting naturally without making strange poses or pulling on her dress, looking at something on the floor or stare into the empty hall like if she is blinded by the light and fidgety. 
Movements of performers should be not only free, but appropriate to catch the right notes.
The most important thing is to put clear and simple goal before you. This is the first condition for success.
The author of the book I am reading (I already read it many times) quotes Marx. Marx compared architecture and a bee and emphasized the importance of conscious goal for means and character of human actions.
Also Pavlov said that all life and its improvements are done by reflexes in order to achieve the goal.
Reflex of the goal tunes nervous system in the right way. A child has grasping movement and they are formed by instinct. The doctor when he wants to look at patients throat tells him to say "A", not just open his mouth.

I find hh suggestion to breath very useful. I have to remind it to myself.

(Some of the quotes put there for the eyes of the government censor).



« Last Edit: 11:48:24, 20-09-2008 by trained-pianist » Logged
time_is_now
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« Reply #20 on: 21:16:21, 19-09-2008 »

I think that's a very important point. Too much music, which is of itself amusing or light hearted, is ruined by a sort of slapstick presentation nudge nudge wink wink HERE'S THE PUNCHLINE!
I'm glad I'm not the only one who finds that! One of the things that particularly upsets me - and I always wonder if I'm just being over-sensitive, but I can't avoid having this reaction - is at a live performance (music or theatre) when large numbers of the audience keep laughing uproariously. It's not because I don't find the performance funny, but sometimes I want my amusement to remain a private thing. Besides, very little is only funny, is it? The funniest things tend to make me very sad at the same time.

Sorry, more about listening/watching than performing. As you were, people.
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« Reply #21 on: 22:12:13, 19-09-2008 »

Here's a concept which I developed for a school music class (12-13 year olds) -- it reminds me a bit of auto's suggestion -- and it is more fun than it sounds, i.e., the concept doesn't let on how surprising the results can be. Only frustration is having to produce a bunch of index cards, though I suppose there are alternative ways of bringing about the same thing. Besides, card manufacture is less time consuming than composing a new score.

Split the class into chorus and conductors. There should be more chorus than conductors, but it could also be fun to have just one chorus member and all the rest are conductors.

The conductors do not keep time. All they do is produce sounds. As auto suggested, the action used to create the sound needs to be considered.

The chorus members each have a stack of index cards with the following information on each card:

1. the name of a conductor.

2. a method of imitating the sound that that conductor produces.
a. imitation as precise as possible
b. onomatopoetic imitation, i.e., "sproingg" or "buzz" or "thwack" or
c. singing a pitch that features prominently in the sound.

3. an instruction about the duration of the imitation. Either
a. equal in duration to the original sound
b. held (fermata) - which in the case of 2a or 2b means slowing down the imitation to ssssssppppprrrroooiiinnnnggggg. Duration of fermata ad lib or
c. repeated. # of durations and rapidity of durations ad lib.

The conductors are charged with making a few or many chosen and carefully considered sounds. The chorus members wait for the conductor listed on their card to make a sound, then they imitate that sound according to the instructions. Then they flip to the next card from their deck and await their next instruction. In the case of 3b or 3c, the previous instruction may well continue at the discretion of the chorus member until the next action is called forth.

Fun things:
A conductor who is silent for a while will often though not always produce a cascade of responses when he/she does finally utter.
An unpitched noise will result in very different opinions of what pitch is to be sung in the case of 2c
Other unexpected things ad libitum.  Cheesy
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trained-pianist
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« Reply #22 on: 10:22:23, 20-09-2008 »

Imitation is a very good device to use. We learn by imitating.
Children love this concept. they are creative too, but if you want to achieve quality in their performance then the best method is imitation. (They of course exaggerate bad things in performance of their teacher very much). If they try to immitate teacher too much they sound like bad copies. But we are talking about different things because I am talking about teaching children to play piano.

In Kogan's book There is a chapter on repetition that makes certain things in playing process automatic.
Theoreticians  of piano playing in the 20-30s refused not only slow practice, but some even questioned repetitions in practice.
Kogan writes that repeated playing are needed not only for memory of movement, but also for  their sequence to be memorized, but mostly for some aspects of piano playing to become automatic (natural like walking or breathing).
Their is an example from Beethoven's op. 57, III movement.
At first the pianist can not play the passage fast and not only because fingers can not do that, but because the brain doesn't know it yet or it doesn't know it with needed speed to tell hands which key to take and with what finger and with what power etc.
With time and after many repetition and other exercises passage is learnt (pianist say: passage is in my fingers).

Fast tempo is achieved not by brain to know each movement and be able to tell it to the fingers with high speed, but on the contrary or brain stops doing that because fingers don't need it anymore, learn to do without it.
Each segment brings another segment (like Pavlov princip of conditional reflexes). It is enough for the brain to turn the first segment on (or give the initial signal) in order for the whole sequence to follow by itself.


« Last Edit: 22:03:10, 20-09-2008 by trained-pianist » Logged
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« Reply #23 on: 18:17:54, 20-09-2008 »

t-p

I am sure you don't mean 'autoimmunization' -- do you? But I'm also not sure what you do mean.
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trained-pianist
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« Reply #24 on: 19:42:56, 20-09-2008 »

I mean to make process automatic so that you can do certain technical things without thinking much. The author argues that some processes in piano playing should be reoeated to the point that they become almost automatic, so that the mind is free to think about other matters like interpretation, building momentum, createtion of  architectural design in the piece and in each phrase.

Also there is discussion of phrasing. Author compares typical phrase with the wave, that comes to the shore and then goes back to the sea.
The most important is to find where the "shore" is or the most important point where the melodic wave is going. Usually this point is at the end of a phrase (according to author).
One has to find this point in each phrase and then in each bigger segment. To find this point it is useful to play the phrase as a whole in fast tempo. This speeding of a phrase is like going further away to see the whole building. In this case details disapear and one can see the structure as a whole.
Rachmaninoff was particularly known in calculating the stronger point in every piece and he would be very disappointed if he would not be able to execute his design of the piece during his performances.
« Last Edit: 22:05:18, 20-09-2008 by trained-pianist » Logged
martle
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« Reply #25 on: 19:31:56, 14-10-2008 »

A few years ago, one of my students decided to say the alphabet 20 times. Not apparently a very interesting idea. Except that after every repetition of the alphabet he put a gobstopper in his mouth. The audience (I'd divided the class into performers and audience) didn't take too long to work out what he was doing and stared at him with increasing amusement - and fascinated horror - as the performance progressed. And of course he had ensured that all his sounds would be "different in some way". And the performance was delivered absolutely seriously.

With due thanks to autoharp, I am incorporating a version of this idea into my first class on Thursday. I've bought some tissues, for obvious reasons. But could I find any gobstoppers? I had to settle on strawberry bon bons. They're essentially toffees coated with a mild strawberry sherbert, so generating saliva is no problem; but I'm worried about their intra-performance longevity. It'll be messy, though. Oh yes.

 Cool
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martle
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« Reply #26 on: 19:06:34, 29-10-2008 »

With thanks once again to Mr Harp, I can report that last week's first class went absolutely according to plan, with all the desired outcomes, including drool and mirth.

Of course, at first they didn't get it at all. They are 1st years, it's their first class in the course etc. etc. - but, gratifyingly, as we discussed the detail of the successive performances, what the 'strategies' were, how they were projected, shaped and nuanced, each one became better - more knowing, funnier, more risky. I immediately asked a couple of them then to sing something (anything, and without sweets in their mouths) repeatedly and try to find a parallel process in their performance. By this time, they had sort of got it.

Tomorrow: group improv.  Shocked
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