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Author Topic: Karlheinz Stockhausen  (Read 20523 times)
Ian Pace
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« Reply #240 on: 13:46:39, 19-06-2007 »

Rather amusing quote from Finnissy here which might be of interest:

MF: Stockhausen's Mikrophonie or Gruppen locate themselves in a period, people tend not to use those titles any more, or Formel or Carré.

Christopher Fox: But Carré isn't called Australian Sea Shanties, or Maldon.

MF: I wouldn't call something 'Square': a colloquialism for ponderous and old fashioned! Supposing, since I believe it is part of the material, Momente were called 'My Life with Mary Bauermeister and other women' - you de-emphasize the structural level... Stockhausen is emphasising the structure in his choice of title.

(in Uncommon Ground, p. 23)
« Last Edit: 14:03:50, 19-06-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Ian Pace
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« Reply #241 on: 13:53:49, 19-06-2007 »

But Ian, you seem to be the one demanding explanations and definitions every time anyone tried to talk about something 'speculative and subjective'.
No, I'm asking for something to be said about the relationship between concepts and sound. But also what a term like 'spiritual' means (if it means anything). That's not about being 'speculative and subjective'. 'Spiritual' to me seems to be placing music at a further remove, into some undefined esoteric realm, apart from human experience. Some would of course say that 'spirituality' is a human experience - fine, but what sort of form does such an experience take?

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You see that in this thread, where the 'subjective' is referred to rather dismissively - but why so, in the context of a medium like music to which many respond subjectively?
I haven't seen anyone referring to it dismissively, just talking about other dimensions which have an equal right to consideration (if people are so interested).
Well, read the comments about if Henck had tried to engage with the sounds rather than the processes, then.

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Oddly, though, bringing in a high-flown concept such as 'spirituality' (which I still haven't seen adequately defined - it seems about on a par with 'beguiling' (about which James Weekes commented on the old boards)) is all right.
I don't see why you call spirituality 'high-flown'. I agree with you that it's sometimes invoked as if to automatically confer importance on music with no further argument, but I don't at all agree that it's meaningless, and I doubt James would either, though he can speak for himself.
So what does it mean (or even partially mean), then? Does it mean more than saying 'this music brings one into a communion with God', say?

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Mightn't Stockhausen's music have something to do with people's lives, desires, thoughts, feelings, or with both the wider society he inhabits or other distinct but related societies as well? Or are such things regarded as trivial and subjective by the big boys who prefer to talk about exalted concepts such as higher parametric organisation?
Why don't you actually say something on the aspects of the music which you think are important, rather than conducting this endless meta-discourse about what other people should and shouldn't be saying?
As you well know, I do that regularly in other contexts (and have offered a few ad hoc thoughts in this thread) - you seem relatively interested in participating in this 'meta-discourse' as well. The context here is the assertion or implication that an understanding of compositional technique is necessary to appreciate Stockhausen's work. Maybe there's something in that argument - I'd be more convinced if that technique could be related to sound, and sound related to the experiences it produces. I have no wish to say what people 'should' be saying about music; rather I'm concerned with the macho implications of the idea that anything that does not aspire to those supposedly 'objective' modes of discourse is somehow trivial and unimportant.
« Last Edit: 14:01:56, 19-06-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
time_is_now
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« Reply #242 on: 14:04:03, 19-06-2007 »

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Then to my question 'I would like to know in what way in particular either Richard or harmonyharmony think that the process of 'taking a "parameter" to its maximum value and then going further - going "off the page"' is worthwhile in terms of the sonic results thus produced. '
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I think you would have to listen to the results and then you either hear it or you don't.
(RB, #47 - what is 'it' in this case?)
Not particularly helpful, but neither are the questions being asked (again, to me at least).
So you don't think what it means for a compositional parameter to be heard (and for its maximum to be heard or at least implied) ... [is] relevant here?
Of course it's relevant, but that's not what you asked, and Richard didn't say anything was irrelevant anyway. You asked how going further than its maximum value 'is worthwhile in terms of the sonic results thus produced'. I didn't (and still don't) understand what you mean by 'worthwhile'.

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maybe from a Cambridge point of view asking what it means to hear something called 'seriality' isn't seen as important.
And from an Oxford point of view?

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It's true that after that there are many more comments on how the music is made, but everything above seems to me to be taking entirely adequate account of the sounding results as the medium through which people are largely going to have their first encounter with the music.
Hardly ever - very little attempt to relate them to sound.
People don't have to be explicitly relating things to sound all the time in order to retain an awareness that sound is going to be the primary medium through which what they are talking about reaches listeners.

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Anyone could learn to read Labanotation as well, but does that mean that modern dance is inaccessible to those who can't?
No, but I imagine one could derive additional interest and insight into it if one did read the notation.

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I'd reckon that someone who lived through the 1950s (and before) in West Germany, had travelled around the country extensively, and knew the society and culture from which Stockhausen came from and in which he was working, might bring a more potent form of 'specialist knowledge' to bear upon it.
They're more than welcome to do so, and to publish their thoughts on the internet as Al has done.

I know you don't talk about 'the common man' - that was Al - but you do keep talking about people who use their 'specialist' or 'aficionado' status to set themselves apart, which seems to presuppose some pre-existing division of humanity into those who are or can become specialists, and those who can't.

Oh, and by the way:
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So what does this 'spirituality' mean, then? What is it other than mystification, any different to the stuff that, say, Tavener wraps his work up in?
I'm not going to answer that. I'm joining the other contributors to this thread in a conspiracy to prevent you from ever finding out what 'spirituality' means. Wink
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #243 on: 14:11:23, 19-06-2007 »

So you don't think what it means for a compositional parameter to be heard (and for its maximum to be heard or at least implied) ... [is] relevant here?
Of course it's relevant, but that's not what you asked, and Richard didn't say anything was irrelevant anyway. You asked how going further than its maximum value 'is worthwhile in terms of the sonic results thus produced'. I didn't (and still don't) understand what you mean by 'worthwhile'.
I mean by that how the type of experience thus produced might have some resonance other than simply being a novelty. Just as Beethoven uses extremes to create extreme powerful emotional states that some can either relate directly to or empathise with, or could be seen as indicative of a certain type of consciousness that stemmed from the relationship of a particular individual to their times, but also continue to resonate in terms of contemporary individuals' relationship to their own time.

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maybe from a Cambridge point of view asking what it means to hear something called 'seriality' isn't seen as important.
And from an Oxford point of view?
Not having studied music at Oxford, I wouldn't be one to answer that.

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It's true that after that there are many more comments on how the music is made, but everything above seems to me to be taking entirely adequate account of the sounding results as the medium through which people are largely going to have their first encounter with the music.
Hardly ever - very little attempt to relate them to sound.
People don't have to be explicitly relating things to sound all the time in order to retain an awareness that sound is going to be the primary medium through which what they are talking about reaches listeners.
The latter can certainly be taken as read - but what really does all the other stuff tell us if it's not related to sound?

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Anyone could learn to read Labanotation as well, but does that mean that modern dance is inaccessible to those who can't?
No, but I imagine one could derive additional interest and insight into it if one did read the notation.
Maybe, but I'd guess that the vast majority of those who do watch and appreciate modern dance don't read the notation. And also believe that many could arrive at a very high level of appreciation of Stockhausen from listening alone.

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I know you don't talk about 'the common man' - that was Al - but you do keep talking about people who use their 'specialist' or 'aficionado' status to set themselves apart, which seems to presuppose some pre-existing division of humanity into those who are or can become specialists, and those who can't.
Positing the existence of a realm outside of another does not imply any necessary commonality amongst the other.

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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Ian Pace
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« Reply #244 on: 14:12:21, 19-06-2007 »

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So what does this 'spirituality' mean, then? What is it other than mystification, any different to the stuff that, say, Tavener wraps his work up in?
I'm not going to answer that. I'm joining the other contributors to this thread in a conspiracy to prevent you from ever finding out what 'spirituality' means. Wink
Nothing really to find out! Any more than trying to find out what God is really like.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
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« Reply #245 on: 14:27:26, 19-06-2007 »

That's what those with a specialist musical education like to say (as it elevates their own position and appreciation). I'd reckon that someone who lived through the 1950s (and before) in West Germany, had travelled around the country extensively, and knew the society and culture from which Stockhausen came from and in which he was working, might bring a more potent form of 'specialist knowledge' to bear upon it. The specialist knowledge (mostly to do with compositional technique) which is generally held up as to be relatively essential to appreciate Stockhausen's work rarely does what you are suggesting above. Nor does the music need it. I'd be interested in Al's further thoughts on this, as he is not a musician. Does music of past eras require specialist knowledge in order to be appreciated?

I will definitely answer, but later, since I have to work now (I am in the U.S., and it's 9:26 am). I feel also compelled to answer some of Richard's comments, and I will not get into a fight, on the contrary . . .
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time_is_now
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« Reply #246 on: 14:28:14, 19-06-2007 »

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maybe from a Cambridge point of view asking what it means to hear something called 'seriality' isn't seen as important
And from an Oxford point of view?
Not having studied music at Oxford, I wouldn't be one to answer that.
I thought you were accusing me of something more general than having studied music at Cambridge! Wink Though since you mention it, I never came across the word 'seriality' in Cambridge. (And I don't think the question's unimportant, I just thought the answer was already evident in what Richard wrote.)

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It's true that after that there are many more comments on how the music is made, but everything above seems to me to be taking entirely adequate account of the sounding results as the medium through which people are largely going to have their first encounter with the music.
Hardly ever - very little attempt to relate them to sound.
People don't have to be explicitly relating things to sound all the time in order to retain an awareness that sound is going to be the primary medium through which what they are talking about reaches listeners.
The latter can certainly be taken as read - but what really does all the other stuff tell us if it's not related to sound?
I didn't say it's not related to sound. I said people don't have to be constantly explaining how it's related to sound. When I listed some comments that I'd found helpful and illuminating, that was precisely because I could imagine ways in which they might inform my listening experience. If they don't inform yours, fine, but they were helpful to me, and since I'm a relative novice to Stockhausen I think I'm probably a reasonably good guinea pig in the current context (which incidentally is why I was doing more watching than posting in the earlier stages of this thread).

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Anyone could learn to read Labanotation as well, but does that mean that modern dance is inaccessible to those who can't?
No, but I imagine one could derive additional interest and insight into it if one did read the notation.
Maybe, but I'd guess that the vast majority of those who do watch and appreciate modern dance don't read the notation. And also believe that many could arrive at a very high level of appreciation of Stockhausen from listening alone.
So why don't they, then? Given the number of reservations you have about the thoughts of almost everyone in this discussion, I'm surprised by your readiness to assume any better of this vast majority who haven't yet found a voice.

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Nothing really to find out! Any more than trying to find out what God is really like.
I'm not telling you that either. Wink
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #247 on: 14:34:48, 19-06-2007 »

(And I don't think the question's unimportant, I just thought the answer was already evident in what Richard wrote.)
Well, I haven't yet really seen much of an explanation here (or more widely in a lot of writing on serial music - Arnold Whittall's forthcoming history of Serial Music might be somewhat different) what the relationship is of certain processes and transformations that are enacted when composing, to the proceeses and relationships that can be heard. And that seems to be one of the most fundamental questions about serial technique.

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I didn't say it's not related to sound. I said people don't have to be constantly explaining how it's related to sound. When I listed some comments that I'd found helpful and illuminating, that was precisely because I could imagine ways in which they might inform my listening experience.
Could you elaborate on that?

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If they don't inform yours, fine, but they were helpful to me, and since I'm a relative novice to Stockhausen I think I'm probably a reasonably good guinea pig in the current context (which incidentally is why I was doing more watching than posting in the earlier stages of this thread).
I doubt that anyone involved in the new music world is a 'reasonably good guinea pig'. I would have thought genuine novices to Stockhausen's music are going to want to find insights and perspectives upon the sounds and experiences above all?

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So why don't they, then? Given the number of reservations you have about the thoughts of almost everyone in this discussion, I'm surprised by your readiness to assume any better of this vast majority who haven't yet found a voice.
Maybe they are put off listening to it by all the ways it's talked about, imagining it cannot be of other than technical interest (a viewpoint I've encountered very frequently indeed, including from musicians)?

I will also refer back to Schoenberg's comments to Kolisch (post #88), and even McClary's comments also cited (post #167), which both encapsulate the points I'm suggesting. Schoenberg in particular said to Kolisch about the row 'But do you think one’s any better off for knowing it?'. Rosen makes a similar point regarding Taruskin's identifying of the row in Webern's Variations. I'm not sure if one necessarily is, and think that might apply to Stockhausen as well. Probably does no harm, but is it worth the acres of verbiage, compared to other considerations about the music?
« Last Edit: 14:40:09, 19-06-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Chafing Dish
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« Reply #248 on: 14:38:01, 19-06-2007 »

Dear Ian,

It was very helpful and a great service for you to recapitulate the debate we've had here, as it helps me see my comments from someone else's perspective. I really do feel that we've made some progress toward understanding each other.

We've already agreed that there is too much 'positivism' -- i.e. excess optimism that structure and sounding result map onto one another on a 1:1 basis. But you have now organized the recap in such a way that I have been put into the positivist camp as well, which is tiresome and frustrating.

The reason I go to Henck and read about order and disorder is because this is the listening experience which Stockhausen wanted to impart. That intention may or may not come through. The degree to which it succeeds or fails to come through is the result of compositional decisions. I realize as well as anybody that it isn't entirely a result of that, it also requires the subjective input of the listener and the interpreter. If someone would take the Henck text (which doesn't really contain all that much music notation), figure out Stockhausen's intention, and then on a point-by-point basis show how this intention corresponds, or does not correspond, to their listening experience, I would want to read such an account.

Anything else would be less interesting to me, though certainly not uninteresting: I have now read a couple of Al's essays, too, and I welcome them; their principal value, to me, is to serve as a reminder that Stockhausen's music is meant for all people, regardless of background. I'm not especially taken with his impressions, per se, but with the fact that he's made them available and put so much thought, sensitivity, and writing skill into them. I doubt you need encouragement from me, but I hope you keep up the good work

However, I don't see this thread as the place to do publicity work for Stockhausen, or to couch everything I say in caveats about what information is appropriate for what type of listener.

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Mightn't Stockhausen's music have something to do with people's lives, desires, thoughts, feelings, or with both the wider society he inhabits or other distinct but related societies as well? Or are such things regarded as trivial and subjective by the big boys who prefer to talk about exalted concepts such as higher parametric organisation?
This too is frustrating. I have never said it has nothing to do with people's ldtf, but I also think it's a little arrogant for me to say WHAT it has to do with people's ldtf. Perhaps that's just a personal preference. I am only a big boy in the literal sense of 2 meters tall.
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So what does this 'spirituality' mean, then? What is it other than mystification, any different to the stuff that, say, Tavener wraps his work up in?
I already tried to answer this: to me (a secular view, admittedly) spirituality is shorthand for the disorganized, mostly subconscious, workings of our mind, formed through biology, prior experience, nature and nurture. They are only mystifying in that they are unfathomable, ultimately. The use of the term spirituality, in this context, is not meant to mystify, but to highlight the mystifying aspects of music. I am arguing that we need to look at all steps in the following chain:

The composer's spirit -->
The composer's ideas -->
The composer's strategy for translating those ideas into music-->
The composer's notation-->
The performer's strategy for translating that notation into sound-->
The performer's actual execution of the notation-->
The arrival of the execution in the listener's ear-->
The listener's interpretive faculty-->
The listener's spirit.

If any of these links is broken, musical communication cannot take place. This doesn't mean that one can't enjoy what one is hearing, but it does show that what gets communicated may in fact be different from what was originally 'broadcast'. I think we can agree that that is an incredibly fragile process and that one should look at all steps in the process. You seem to be focussed on the last three or four of these steps, and I'm focussed on the first three or four, but I don't exclude the last ones. Do you exclude the first? If so, why? Because they are elitist?

I am sure Stockhausen, in all phases of his career, thought about each of these steps. Though I wish he had infused his thinking with a lot more skepticism, namely of the Luigi Pirandello type, or the George Santayana type... this is where I am currently situated in the Stockhausen debate.
« Last Edit: 14:51:08, 19-06-2007 by Chafing Dish » Logged
Ian Pace
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« Reply #249 on: 14:46:35, 19-06-2007 »

Quickly - I'm not intending to put you in the positivist camp, CD, I'm really speaking about something much wider. In terms of how certain music might relate to people's lives, etc., to delve into that isn't necessarily arrogant at all - obviously there will be a number of perspectives on this, but they aren't necessarily arbitrary. People do after all live their lives in some wider society or societies, which are not unconnected to one another. And the nature of people's lives and consciousness are affected as societies change. It's not so hard to see why various music from earlier times somehow spoke to certain people of those times, or conversely antagonised (which is equally meaningful). I'd like to believe that Stockhausen's music has the potential to do so more widely than is currently the case (if not, it would probably be rather marginal music); whatever, a not-insignificant number of very different people do relate to it, often beginning on a very instinctive level. I'm interested in why and how it does that, assuming the reactions aren't so atomised as to imply nothing that is somehow more directly brought about by the work rather than just whatever anyone makes of it purely for themselves?
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #250 on: 15:02:00, 19-06-2007 »

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So what does this 'spirituality' mean, then? What is it other than mystification, any different to the stuff that, say, Tavener wraps his work up in?
I already tried to answer this: to me (a secular view, admittedly) spirituality is shorthand for the disorganized, mostly subconscious, workings of our mind, formed through biology, prior experience, nature and nurture. They are only mystifying in that they are unfathomable, ultimately. The use of the term spirituality, in this context, is not meant to mystify, but to highlight the mystifying aspects of music.
Fine, I suppose that's what I'd called 'consciousness', either in an individual or a more collective sense.

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I am arguing that we need to look at all steps in the following chain:

Stockhausen's spirit -->
Stockhausen's ideas -->
Stockhausen's strategy for translating those ideas into music-->
Stockhausen's notation-->
The performer's strategy for translating that notation into sound-->
The performer's actual execution of the notation-->
The arrival of the execution in the listener's ear-->
The listener's interpretive faculty-->
The listener's spirit.

If any of these links is broken, musical communication cannot take place.
OK, I'm not sure if nos. 1-2 can really be separated from each other. Would you see those as roughly akin to the unconscious/conscious side of the mind (that very dichotomy is one of several models that might be used, of course, and stems from Freud)? I would add three extra ones from the beginning.

The society and environment in which Stockhausen was raised and nurtured, and that which he continues to inhabit (that may be two points, actually)-->
His own identity within that society, to do with his class, gender, race, sexuality, etc. and consequent self-perception relative to others-->
Stockhausen's subjective (and possibly critical) interaction with those elements of his own consciousness that are formed by the previous aspects-->

And maybe also:

The musical language that has been developed (by both Stockhausen himself and others, or just others when he was starting out) and the possibilities therein, which Stockhausen can inhabit, appropriate, develop, critique-->

And for the last two points, I would divide them up into more (including the listener's position within and subjective relationship to the society and culture they inhabit, the role that music has/can have in their life, and so on), but I'll leave that for now.

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This doesn't mean that one can't enjoy what one is hearing, but it does show that what gets communicated may in fact be different from what was originally 'broadcast'. I think we can agree that that is an incredibly fragile process and that one should look at all steps in the process.
Absolutely (and more!).

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You seem to be focussed on the last three or four of these steps, and I'm focussed on the first three or four, but I don't exclude the last ones. Do you exclude the first? If so, why? Because they are elitist?
No, I don't exclude them by any means, but I think they are most important in the ways that they affect the later stages. And (as implied above), I do want to 'decentre' Stockhausen the individual as the ontological source, as he himself is in some senses the product of a wider society. Where there is an issue, I think, is if there seems quite a bit of redundancy in the earlier steps in the sense of their informing the whole process. So I think it's worth establishing the extent to which this is or is not the case before assigning primary value in some of those earlier steps.

By the way, in terms of the performer's role in it all, I certainly think that's of fundamental importance (much more so than often realised or acknowledged), just haven't so far said so much about it here. The performer is inevitably bringing certain ideologies to bear upon the music and filtering it through those ideologies, to such an extent that there is probably no performance that can be said to be free of such 'interpretation' (other than with pure tape works, though even then there is the question of choice of playback equipment, acoustics, etc.).

Actually, I would also like to filter in the issue of programming (context in which S's music is included, and how it might relate to the other pieces with which it is programmed - something of course of great importance to him), venue, social context of perfomance, likely type of audience, and so on.
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« Reply #251 on: 15:03:18, 19-06-2007 »

Ian,

if not, it would probably be rather marginal music
It is rather marginal music (as is most of the music that both you and I listen to).
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #252 on: 15:13:37, 19-06-2007 »

if not, it would probably be rather marginal music
It is rather marginal music (as is most of the music that both you and I listen to).
In the sense that at present it's only listened to or appreciated in any sense by a very small minority (much smaller than classical music in general which, whilst also a minority interest, has demonstrated a level of staying power of varying periods of time that not much other music could match). But that doesn't mean that necessarily need always be the case (and in fact, many of the claims generally made for it would strongly imply that it isn't). There's also a difference between whether music somehow communicates (in the broadest sense of the word) something to people, whether or not they like it. The first is a question of accessibility, the second of aesthetics. Some artistic work can be meaningful and widely hated, but still important.
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« Reply #253 on: 15:16:14, 19-06-2007 »

I already said what I mean by spirit; it feeds into my flowchart... and so the other ---> that you make are included in that step. By conflating them into "spirit", I don't intend to trivialize them.
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #254 on: 15:26:01, 19-06-2007 »

I already said what I mean by spirit; it feeds into my flowchart... and so the other ---> that you make are included in that step. By conflating them into "spirit", I don't intend to trivialize them.
No, I know that, just think breaking up into further sub-categories might be productive. Especially in terms of the subjective relationship to external determinants upon consciousness (so as to avoid an overly reductive view, meaning one that reduces an individual purely to being a product of the society/identity from which they come). But 'ideas' are also likely to be affected by the other steps that I mention, in possibly a more direct way than simply being filtered through 'spirit'/'consciousness'?

The other thing I'm thinking about in terms of what you're saying is whether all the things you categorise as 'spirit' are necessarily unfathomable? I know you say 'ultimately', but does that mean it's futile to try and do so, at least partially?

(also, shouldn't 'the performer's spirit' also be included?)
« Last Edit: 15:29:31, 19-06-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
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