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Author Topic: Karl Amadeus Hartmann,anyone?  (Read 1121 times)
smittims
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« on: 08:35:41, 26-06-2007 »

I've posted this in Another Place as well, so if you've replied there , no need to do so here,unless,of course,you wish to .

I'm getting to know the symphonies of Hartmann and like them very much,though I have found they take a little getting used to. I was especially moved by the Second this morning,the second time I've heard it,I think.

Hartmann seems to met be unusual in that he virtually 'began again' as a composer after 1945,re-composing his earlier works as new ones. This seems to apply to his first six symphonies,the last two beieg completely new works.

Does anyone know them and who can confirm that what I have said is correct,and maybe add to it?
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richard barrett
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« Reply #1 on: 09:13:46, 26-06-2007 »

There was a certain amount of discussion of Hartmann's symphonies at TOP last year, I think, though I dare say one couldn't find it now.

I've been working my way through them too and find myself coming back to the Second more than to the others, especially the Fifth which chugs along like an uninspired attempt to parody Hindemith.

It's true that he rewrote most of his Nazi-period works after 1945. Many of these works were written specifically as protests against the régime and it was this element of specificity that he seems to have wished to remove. There's an interesting article in Tempo (1992) by the late John Warnaby, who specifically discusses the 3rd Symphony in comparison with the work (entitled Klagegesang) of which it is a reworked version, and which, along with those others of Hartmann's pre-1945 orchestral compositions which can be reconstructed from surviving materials, was published and performed after Hartmann's death.
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Chafing Dish
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« Reply #2 on: 09:15:44, 26-06-2007 »

Hartmann is a fantastic composer, just didn't have much luck fitting into history. Deserves a second look, or a third, depending how many he's already had.

I particularly recommend the Sonata "27. April 1945" and his Poeme Symphonique entitled "Miserae" -- not very uplifting works, by any means, but something more than just a product of their time.

I wish to know more about KAH too, thanks for starting this thread.
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #3 on: 10:59:49, 26-06-2007 »

I'm just studying Hartmann a bit at the moment - wonderful stuff, but don't yet know it in sufficient detail to have much to say. In terms of music history, those German composers who were already active or beyond a certain age in 1945 have generally been sidelined from constructions of post-1945 history. But these people were still very much commissioned and played in West Germany in that period, often in larger and more recognized venues. The most prominent of such composers were Hartmann, Orff, Werner Egk, Boris Blacher, Wolfgang Fortner and Karl Höller. Others of a similar age (or even older), including Herbert Eimert (who was only two years younger than Orff), Hermann Heiß and Günther Bialas found more of a home within the avant-garde. But most histories tend to neglect the role of the former group, including Hartmann, even though he was active up until the 1960s, when he died, and others were active into the 70s or even 80s.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Sydney Grew
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« Reply #4 on: 11:24:24, 26-06-2007 »

Indeed all Hartmann's symphonies are tremendously good and enjoyable. Nor should we forget his excellent 1963 Gesangszene (or Sodom and Gomorrah), which he described as a "work of Art with a message - it should be understood in its spiritual content." Among other things it warns of the consequences of a division of rich and poor "nations," the exploitation of science, the abuse of technology, and the pollution of the physical and spiritual environment. It is a synthesis of his earlier symphonic achievements and an exploration of a new formal and gestural rhetoric.

We find Yun's symphonies (to which we have been listening this week) rather like Hartmann's - we suppose Yun can by now be regarded as an honorary German can he not?
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Sydney Grew
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« Reply #5 on: 11:29:33, 26-06-2007 »

The most prominent of such composers were Hartmann, Orff, Werner Egk, Boris Blacher, Wolfgang Fortner and Karl Höller.

Nor let us forget German-born Heimo Erbse (Mr. Pea) who has written at least thirteen symphonies (probably several more) and is very popular in Switzerland.
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richard barrett
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« Reply #6 on: 11:52:10, 26-06-2007 »

Hartmann's work was extensively performed in Munich on the occasion of his centenary in 2005, in the context of the "Musica Viva" concert series which he founded and directed after the war. I don't think his relative neglect is in any way confined to Germany: such excellent composers as Humphrey Searle and Roberto Gerhard similarly failed to make the impact they deserved to on musical life in the UK. What's common to these composers is that they were too "advanced" for the conservatives in the respective musical establishments of their countries and at the same time too "reactionary" for the avant-garde. Maybe that's another thread though.

It might be as well to remember that Hartmann, despite having made an "inner emigration" as a response to the Third Reich, during which none of his music was (or, in view of its consistent theme of resistance, could possibly have been) performed in Germany and hardly any elsewhere, as the director of the "Musica Viva" programmes after 1945 promoted the work of composers like Carl Orff and Werner Egk, whose relationship with the régime had been compromised to say the least, and whose music was successfully performed in the Reich while Hartmann sat at home in Munich waiting for the nightmare to end. In other words Hartmann, despite everything, felt that the most important thing at that time was to bring some generosity into musical life. This I find at least as impressive as any of the music he wrote.
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #7 on: 11:55:08, 26-06-2007 »

It might be as well to remember that Hartmann, despite having made an "inner emigration" as a response to the Third Reich, during which none of his music was (or, in view of its consistent theme of resistance, could possibly have been) performed in Germany and hardly any elsewhere, as the director of the "Musica Viva" programmes after 1945 promoted the work of composers like Carl Orff and Werner Egk, whose relationship with the régime had been compromised to say the least, and whose music was successfully performed in the Reich while Hartmann sat at home in Munich waiting for the nightmare to end.
Absolutely (also Fortner, whose relationship was also compromised), and this is worth bearing in mind when people imagine that there was supposedly a Stunde Null in post-1945 West German musical life. On the contrary, as in most other fields of life, many people with highly tarnished records could carry on their activities fine with no questions asked, at least for the first 15-20 years. It's not out of the question that Hartmann's actions worked against rather than for him during this period (more on that another time, when I've looked into it in more detail).
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
richard barrett
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« Reply #8 on: 11:58:27, 26-06-2007 »

not out of the question that Hartmann's actions worked against rather than for him
Indeed, my point having been that the health and inclusiveness of musical life in Munich was more important to him than his own "career".
« Last Edit: 12:01:35, 26-06-2007 by richard barrett » Logged
Ian Pace
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« Reply #9 on: 12:13:04, 26-06-2007 »

not out of the question that Hartmann's actions worked against rather than for him
Indeed, my point having been that the health and inclusiveness of musical life in Munich was more important to him than his own "career".
The regime in East Germany tried to lure Hartmann over there, knowing that he had a communist brother in exile and had set texts by Johannes R. Becher, who was soon to head the East German culture ministry. Hartmann was apparently almost on the verge of doing so, but held back when he saw the types of 'anti-formalist' doctrines that were being enacted in that country.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Chafing Dish
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« Reply #10 on: 14:13:45, 26-06-2007 »

This is all very fascinating. Looks like my own investigations of KAH are way overdue.
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pim_derks
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« Reply #11 on: 17:21:25, 26-06-2007 »

Does anyone know them and who can confirm that what I have said is correct,and maybe add to it?

Andrew D. McCredie wrote a rather short but informative book about Hartmann's life. A good place to start. I have it in a German translation.

We find Yun's symphonies (to which we have been listening this week) rather like Hartmann's - we suppose Yun can by now be regarded as an honorary German can he not?

I've read somewhere (I really don't know where) that Hartmann was an influence on Yun. I think nowadays Yun's music is mostly being performed in Germany.

Nor let us forget German-born Heimo Erbse (Mr. Pea) who has written at least thirteen symphonies (probably several more) and is very popular in Switzerland.

Speaking of Switzerland: what does our Member think of Frank Martin and Othmar Schoeck? Let's start with Martin's Cornet and Schoeck's Notturno.

What's common to these composers is that they were too "advanced" for the conservatives in the respective musical establishments of their countries and at the same time too "reactionary" for the avant-garde. Maybe that's another thread though.

Interesting subject indeed. I think Bernd Alois Zimmermann's reputation outside Germany is still suffering from this.

Werner Egk, whose relationship with the régime had been compromised to say the least, and whose music was successfully performed in the Reich

Have you ever heard Egk's Geigenmusik mit Orchester (1936)? A very fine example of neoclassical music from the Third Reich. It has a very elegant second movement but the opening movement is a Bavarian Allegro that keeps reminding me of those horrible SS propaganda films.

For those interested in the Nazi policies towards the occupied territories I can recommend the works of Mr Willem de Vries.
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time_is_now
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« Reply #12 on: 17:44:28, 26-06-2007 »

What's common to these composers is that they were too "advanced" for the conservatives in the respective musical establishments of their countries and at the same time too "reactionary" for the avant-garde. Maybe that's another thread though.

Interesting subject indeed. I think Bernd Alois Zimmermann's reputation outside Germany is still suffering from this.
I've never heard Zimmermann put down as too reactionary for any avant-garde! But yes, the general point is true enough and we should indeed have a thread on the subject ...
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pim_derks
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« Reply #13 on: 18:01:18, 26-06-2007 »

I've never heard Zimmermann put down as too reactionary for any avant-garde! But yes, the general point is true enough and we should indeed have a thread on the subject ...

Please don't forget that Richard used quotation marks when we mentioned the word reactionary, t-i-n. Wink

When was the last time that Boulez conducted a work by Zimmermann? Roll Eyes

Perhaps Boulez thinks that Zimmermann was using too much "trivial aspects of folk music" in his pieces. When you now that Boulez said about Charles Ives that "he remains an amateur" you can follow my meaning, I think.

Fancy Charles Ives studying with Vincent d'Indy in Paris so that some hundred years later, Monsieur Boulez can call him a professional. Grin
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Ron Dough
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« Reply #14 on: 22:25:13, 26-06-2007 »

High time I revisited Hartmann, especially as Telarc recordings of 1 and 6 and the EMI Metzmacher cycle have been sitting on my shelves since a splurge last year.

Bearing in mind what others have already said, aren't the first words sung in No. 1 very striking: "Ich sitze und schaue aus auf alle Plagen der Welt" ("I sit and look out upon all the sorrows of the world") ? It's almost as if Hartmann is stating his manifesto at the very start of his first symphony. He's using his own adaptation of the words of Walt Whitman , by the way, thus incidentally making this the second first symphony I'm aware of with Whitman words, the other being RVW's Sea Symphony. The second movement, Frühling, uses part of When lilacs last in the dooryard bloomed: a poem also used by Hindemith and Roger Sessions.

 Other early impressions of No 1; very segregated orchestration - often just one family used with no blending, and the strings used most sparingly of all....

The Telarc disc also includes Miserae (1933/4), first performed 2 ix 35 at the IGNM Festival in Prague. This was the original "first symphony", but the 1935/6 work originally entitled Unser Leben, Symphonishes Fragment, planned to have been premièred at the 1937 IGNM in Paris (but not accepted due to its allegedly enormous size) and finally performed in Frankfurt as late as 1948 or 49 (my sources differ on this point) was eventually given a new première in Vienna in 1955, after revision and renaming as the official Symphony No 1 with the subtitle Versuch eines Requiems, by which time Miserae had been withdrawn.

As if that isn't complicated enough, by the time Unser Leben was being revised in the early 1950s, (i.e. before it became Symphony No 1) the new Symphony No 2 (1945/6) had already had its première, in 1950.
« Last Edit: 11:42:05, 27-06-2007 by Ron Dough » Logged
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