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Author Topic: Late Stravinsky  (Read 626 times)
richard barrett
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« on: 14:39:02, 15-10-2007 »

... isn't something you hear about very often, as if it were somehow an embarrassment, I mean Stravinsky after Agon. Having recently been given a copy of the 22CD Stravinsky by himself set I was more intrigued to listen to these pieces than to anything else, but it turned out to be quite a disappointing experience, with the exception perhaps of Movements and the Huxley Variations both of which are far too short for my liking although they also seem to open up a musical vein which Elliott Carter (particularly in his most recent work) has done much more with. As for things like Threni and Canticum Sacrum though, my impression is of grey, austere and expressionless blocks of music which seem to refuse entry to the listener, to this one at any rate. Can anyone point to what I'm missing? (It may be down to the performances, which do sound somewhat rough and perfunctory.)
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autoharp
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« Reply #1 on: 14:57:08, 15-10-2007 »

Not an area I'm familiar with, thanks to long-distant experiences with Threni and Canticum Sacrum which were similar to Richard's. The one piece which did excite me was A sermon, a narrative and a prayer but I'm afraid I can't remember why.
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richard barrett
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« Reply #2 on: 15:18:56, 15-10-2007 »

I just listened to that in hope of some kind of enlightenment but it seemed to me just as tough as the others. The "Narrative" section dovetails a spoken narrative together with solo singing in what's sometimes quite an intriguing way, but there as elsewhere the vocal lines and harmonies would tend I think to confirm the suspicions of anyone who thought twelve-tone compositions are necessarily dour and unmemorable. Some have said that Stravinsky's genius shines out whatever his materials and methods might be, but this side of Stravinsky just fails to appeal to me. Does anyone have the key?
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harmonyharmony
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« Reply #3 on: 15:24:13, 15-10-2007 »

I might have to investigate a timeline before I make a fool of myself (note I say 'before I make a fool of myself' not 'to prevent me from making a fool of myself').
Right. I remember being quite disappointed by The Flood, but quite enjoying the Monumentum Gesualdo piece.
I love the Huxley Variations but haven't dived into a lot of the really late stuff with any real dedication. Hearing Canticum Sacrum sung by the Sixteen in Durham cathedral was quite special and I'd love to hear that in Venice... [drool]

Currently I am unable to take any recordings out of our library but when I do, there's plenty with which to grapple here.
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richard barrett
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« Reply #4 on: 16:08:43, 15-10-2007 »

I have the feeling that were I to hear those pieces sung by a choir like that, instead of the frankly rather ugly (and harshly-recorded) ones in Stravinsky's own recordings, things might look very different. I got to know Stravinsky's Mass (which is semi-late) from Bernstein's recording with an all-male (English) choir, even the solos sung by trebles and boy altos, and I've always found it a beautiful piece.

The Gesualdo Monumentum consists of some reasonably straightforward orchestral transcriptions of madrigals, doesn't it? I find that an odd piece indeed. The evil prince's madrigals are surely almost toxically decadent rather than monumental, and I'm at a loss to imagine what Stravinsky was trying to "say" with his petrified versions of them. Stravinsky was a lot more respectful in his later "arrangements" (not just Gesualdo but also Bach and Hugo Wolf) than he had been earlier in life. (I really don't like Pulcinella either, though.)
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Reiner Torheit
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« Reply #5 on: 16:09:37, 15-10-2007 »

Some have said that Stravinsky's genius shines out whatever his materials and methods might be, but this side of Stravinsky just fails to appeal to me. Does anyone have the key?

I think you've already mentioned the difficulty - his conversion to writing "serial" music.  I find the late works impenetrable, and sad to say I think he went off the boil?  We had a thread here a little while ago about how composers in their mature period suddenly feel they ought to write "for posterity" or to write more academically acceptable music so they will be thought well of in the history books... but in fact end up cheating themselves?  Perhaps this happens when musicologists like Robert Craft come knocking on your door?  Suddenly you realise you've become eminent, and have to behave eminently.  It was allegedly Craft's persistent persuasion that caused Stravinsky to want to join the "serial set".   Oddly enough this goes back to what I'd said in response to Simon-Sagt! and Baz about wheeling-out craftsmanship in lieu of creativity...

Personally I blame Craft...

PS I saw AGON danced at the Bol'shoi last year, in a season of Balanchine works.  They had "restored" Balanchine's choreography from the labanotation.  It's not at all a work I'd ever much like previously,  but in the context of a dance performance it came alive, and it was clearly the same composer as OEDIPUS REX.   I realise that mixed-medium performances give the more Reithian amongst us the heebie-jeebies even thinking about the idea (and I used to think likewise), but I'm firmly convinced that treating ballet scores as concert-hall music is a wretched mistake in which the audience are cheated of the full shilling...  it's as "wrong" as those appalling "Wagner without all that awful bloody singing" recordings which came out a few years ago.
« Last Edit: 16:18:51, 15-10-2007 by Reiner Torheit » Logged

"I was, for several months, mutely in love with a coloratura soprano, who seemed to me to have wafted straight from Paradise to the stage of the Odessa Opera-House"
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richard barrett
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« Reply #6 on: 16:22:21, 15-10-2007 »

composers in their mature period suddenly feel they ought to write "for posterity" or to write more academically acceptable music so they will be thought well of in the history books...
I wouldn't have thought that old Igor needed to worry about his place in music history by that time... I don't know the exact circumstances of the Craft encounter but wasn't it the case that Stravinsky came up against a block in the late 1940s and couldn't really see where he should go next, at which point Craft introduced him to Webern? The thing is, Webern's music often has the kind of poise and transparency that Stravinsky's earlier music had (in its very different way) but which his late work seems to lack.

It would be good to hear from someone who actually likes late Stravinsky a lot! Or are such people really so thin on the ground...? - if so no wonder it doesn't get played much.
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harmonyharmony
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« Reply #7 on: 16:30:07, 15-10-2007 »

I have the feeling that were I to hear those pieces sung by a choir like that, instead of the frankly rather ugly (and harshly-recorded) ones in Stravinsky's own recordings, things might look very different. I got to know Stravinsky's Mass (which is semi-late) from Bernstein's recording with an all-male (English) choir, even the solos sung by trebles and boy altos, and I've always found it a beautiful piece.
Lovely piece. I first heard it live at the Proms but can't for the life of me remember who sang it (it was in 1996).

The Gesualdo Monumentum consists of some reasonably straightforward orchestral transcriptions of madrigals, doesn't it? I find that an odd piece indeed. The evil prince's madrigals are surely almost toxically decadent rather than monumental, and I'm at a loss to imagine what Stravinsky was trying to "say" with his petrified versions of them. Stravinsky was a lot more respectful in his later "arrangements" (not just Gesualdo but also Bach and Hugo Wolf) than he had been earlier in life. (I really don't like Pulcinella either, though.)
Yes (which is probably why it appealed to me at the age of 17!) but I seem to remember that it does accentuate some of the dissonant (linearly speaking) harmonies by orchestration in a slightly interesting way. It's certainly more interesting than the Tres Sacrae Cantiones, and the Bach Chorale Variations (performed in the same concert by the Sixteen btw).

In answer to your question about what he was trying to 'say', and in answer to Reiner's point about Craft over substance, I've always suspected that Stravinsky's obsessions at the end of his life were more to do with intellectual curiosity. I think that something about all of those serial matrices really floated his boat, and that he got more and more into them the older that he got (I can't agree that he was 'chasing posterity' though or wanted to join the 'serial set' - it doesn't accord with anything that I've read about his attitudes towards composition even that late). The non-creative aspect of his late transcriptions are possibly down to filthy lucre I might suggest, but also reflect the possibility that he was doing it because he could, and rather enjoyed doing it (like Shostakovitch re-orchestrating his students' work).

In reaction to the late works, I suppose we can attempt follow him into the rabbit-hole of serial matrices, through which he saw wondrous things(?).
(I suppose that Webern is the white rabbit in this context, but is Boulez the Red Queen?)
I don't think that he went off the boil - as Richard has said, Movements and Variations are wonderful - but when a composer becomes that obsessed with a technical idea, it's probably always going to be tricky to find a way in.
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Reiner Torheit
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« Reply #8 on: 16:45:13, 15-10-2007 »

Do you think there is any significance in his adopting serialism only after both Webern and Schoenberg were dead, and Berg was long dead?    Did Stravinsky meet Webern?  I'm somewhat doubtful that the events of WW2 would have permitted such a meeting?  I see what you mean about the "poise" of AW's music.  I imagine Stravinsky must have felt hugely isolated creatively at that time... for all their differences, the USSR had been a WW2 ally... and then the demonisation of his native land (for all his ambivalence about it) began...   Although lauded in musical circles, Russians were despised in everyday life,  but "at home" the Khrushchev thaw gave way to the entrenched bluster of the Brezhnev clampdown.  Perhaps the astringent nature of his later music reflects some of this - self-consciously using serial techniques that were utterly forbidden in Russia, yet consciously avoiding the "crowd-pleasing" sounds that had endeared him to American concert-goers?
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harmonyharmony
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« Reply #9 on: 16:58:05, 15-10-2007 »

Do you think there is any significance in his adopting serialism only after both Webern and Schoenberg were dead, and Berg was long dead?    Did Stravinsky meet Webern?  I'm somewhat doubtful that the events of WW2 would have permitted such a meeting?
Yes, no (especially Schoenberg), no (and the last one isn't a question!).
Given the relationship between Schoenberg and Stravinsky, I think it would have rankled strongly for Stravinsky to take up serialism while Schoenberg lived. I don't think that Webern's vital status is particularly relevant except in a footnote to recognise that Stravinsky got on better with the music of the dead than with that of the living. I think, though, that the timing was largely down to Craft's intervention.

I see what you mean about the "poise" of AW's music.  I imagine Stravinsky must have felt hugely isolated creatively at that time... for all their differences, the USSR had been a WW2 ally... and then the demonisation of his native land (for all his ambivalence about it) began...   Although lauded in musical circles, Russians were despised in everyday life,  but "at home" the Khrushchev thaw gave way to the entrenched bluster of the Brezhnev clampdown.  Perhaps the astringent nature of his later music reflects some of this - self-consciously using serial techniques that were utterly forbidden in Russia, yet consciously avoiding the "crowd-pleasing" sounds that had endeared him to American concert-goers?
But Stravinsky had been out of Russia for such a long time, and had felt utterly betrayed by the Revolution. I would have thought that he would have felt solidarity with the USA in their stance against the USSR (rather like Cuban exiles against Castro??) rather than anything else (don't have anything to back this up though).
I think that the 'crowd-pleasing' sounds of his late neo-classical period weren't pleasing the crowds as much as they did initially, and they certainly weren't pleasing Stravinsky. Perhaps there's something in what you say - maybe this retreat into personal technical obsession had something to do with a retreat into his own mind to escape the conflicting loyalties of Motherland and adopted home, and the pressures of being a Russian-American immigrant.
(there's a story about Stravinsky and Rachmaninov sitting next to each other at a dinner party - everyone's expecting fireworks but instead they have a nice conversation - after dinner someone asks Stravinsky what they talked about - 'stocks and shares' - 'not music?' - 'oh no!')
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anonymous student of the University of Berkeley, California quoted in H. Draper, 'The new student revolt' (New York: Grove Press, 1965)
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Ron Dough
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« Reply #10 on: 17:02:10, 15-10-2007 »

I'm going to have to come back to this later, but as regular readers will know, Agon is a real passion of mine: I hear it as a direct descendent of the other ballets, and pace Reiner and the multi-media argument - which I used myself when we were discussing recordings of the work in depth, pointing out that Craft adopts tempi which are undanceable - it has to be said that Stravinsky, who always had an eye to extra revenue, was very happy for his stage works to be performed in a concert environment, and often conducted the ballets in concert: indeed, Agon was first heard away from the stage.

But if we're talking about the late works, why has nobody mentioned the Requiem Canticles? Sadly the best recording (Knussen's) is out of the catalogue, but it's had at least three broadcasts this year, and each time I hear it, I do believe the 'unmistakable voice' theory. I'm not convinced that Craft had to browbeat Uncle Igor towards the path of serialism, either: I've a sneaking suspicion that the man who launched onto the musical scene as an enfant térrible rather wanted to leave it as a viellard of the self-same hue.
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richard barrett
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« Reply #11 on: 17:56:09, 15-10-2007 »

if we're talking about the late works, why has nobody mentioned the Requiem Canticles?
I'll try and have a good listen to that later. Actually, this afternoon, after SN&P I let the CD run on into Threni and found it slightly more involving than I had done before. Maybe it really is just a matter of those recorded performances (both musically and technically) - which must be how most people have acquainted themselves with these pieces. I've just been peeking around and can't find any real alternatives though.
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Reiner Torheit
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« Reply #12 on: 19:37:22, 15-10-2007 »

on the topic of which, Ron, "bad boy" of contemporary dance Michael Clark is busily choreographing Stravinsky as we write:

http://arts.independent.co.uk/theatre/features/article3050540.ece
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"I was, for several months, mutely in love with a coloratura soprano, who seemed to me to have wafted straight from Paradise to the stage of the Odessa Opera-House"
-  Leon Trotsky, "My Life"
roslynmuse
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« Reply #13 on: 23:38:32, 15-10-2007 »

Thanks, Ron, for mentioning Requiem Canticles, which I am gradually coming to love. I only have the Craft recording so far and I wonder if the occasional sense of it being short of breath is down to the tempo relationships (and rests being cut short) in that performance, aside from the shocking production values. I don't have a problem with the soundworld per se in the recording, although I can easily imagine clearer textures and a more varied range of dynamics. But, concentrating on the piece, what I love about it is the way those wide spread chords "separate out" into two or three chords with identities of their own as well as a simultaneous existence as single entities; the choral writing of "Exaudi" is I think beautifully voiced and balanced (I love the harp notes introducing that section too), and the ending of the work seems to me to have perfect poise: the emotional distancing and ritualistic sense heightening rather than cooling the expressive effect. (Not a million miles from the end of Les noces, one of my VERY favourite of Stravinsky's scores.)

I have heard Canticum Sacrum a few times recently and certainly not found it grey or dour, but need to listen again to make a more intelligent comment. Agon I have not heard for years (to my shame, since my memories of it are fond). Threni - my one experience of that work has not yet led me to a repeat performance, although much has passed through the space between my ears since I last heard it... Movements - a LONG time since I heard that... (I'm working thro' the Eric Walter White worklist here). Epitaphium/ Double Canon/ Sermon, Narrative, Prayer/ The Dove Descending/ The Flood/ Abraham and Isaac/ Elegy for JFK/ Fanfare/ Introitus - all virgin territory for me; Aldous Huxley Variations - short, but a positive response on one or two hearings; Owl and the Pussycat - not much to it.

Hmmm - lots of homework to do! But DO persevere with CS and RC - I'm quite sure that if I can get a handle on them more experienced listeners certainly can!
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Reiner Torheit
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« Reply #14 on: 23:50:04, 15-10-2007 »

maybe this retreat into personal technical obsession had something to do with a retreat into his own mind to escape the conflicting loyalties of Motherland and adopted home, and the pressures of being a Russian-American immigrant.

I wrote a much longer reply earlier, and then accidentally deleted it when I got the "another message has been posted meantime" red letters.  Anyhow, you said all of it in two lines, far more succinctly.

Worth remembering of course that even though a tiiiny section of American society might have known who Stravinsky was, for most Americans he was "a Russian", and therefore a Cold War enemy.  It was a real possibility he might have been compulsorily repatriated - it happened to Eisler, for example?   Forasmuch as Russia was fervently anti-West,  America was burning for a fight too, and the McCarthy Commission was the living embodiment of such sentiments.  Sadly I fear we've learnt nothing from this escapade, and the Rush Limbaughs and Newt Gingrichs and William Kristols of today seem to have learned their speeches by rote from McCarthy.

On the cultural odyssey of the foreign composer involuntarily exiled to America, do you know Kurt Weill's "The Eternal Road"?  It's an extraordinary piece-of-its-times, which I fear may sound maudlin and self-pitying now,  but needs to be heard in the context of the aftermath of WW2.  I've known the work for ages, but in connection with another thread here, it turned-up unsought on last.fm, if you want to listen to it there?
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"I was, for several months, mutely in love with a coloratura soprano, who seemed to me to have wafted straight from Paradise to the stage of the Odessa Opera-House"
-  Leon Trotsky, "My Life"
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