...From a great violinist via a non-violinist(!)...
One of the principal Beauties of the Violin is the swelling or increasing and softening of the Sound; which is done by pressing the Bow upon the Strings with the Fore-finger more or less. In playing all long Notes the Sound should be begun soft, and gradually swelled till the Middle, and from thence gradually softened till the End. And lastly, particular Care must be taken to draw the Bow smooth from one End to the other without any Interruption or stopping in the Middle. For on this principally, and keeping it always parallel with the Bridge, and by pressing it only with the Fore-finger upon the Strings with Discretion, depends the fine Tone of the Instrument.
Geminiani (1761)
So we infer that (for Geminiani)
all long notes swell and then fade. Also he tells us that the "fine tone" of the instrument results principally from
correct bowing (and, presumably, therefore not from other tricks of the LH - e.g. vibrato?).
Baz
This is required reading for every conductor.
Absolutely. Bearing in mind of course that it's of its time, place and context (he's presumably talking about solo music?)...
This explanation of messa di voce, and similar ones in other treatises for both voice and instruments, has led to much debate. Geminiani didn't say where the messa di voce should be applied - he was merely elaborating on how to create a beautiful sound on the violin in the course of explaining how to play the violin generally. And in not specifying what exactly he meant by a "long note," he's left us with a very grey area.
Vocally, the messa di voce seems to have been used almost as a cadenza - a moment when the music is suspended so the singer can sit on a single note and spin out a controlled crescendo-diminuendo meant to captivate the audience. But if you apply messa di voce in the course of the music every time you see a note a minim or longer, you can get a horrible bulging sea-sick effect.
You can also inadvertently work
against the harmonic interest. Imagine you have 1st and 2nd violins playing a chain of suspensions, offset against each other. Say the 2nds create the resolution when their note changes, the 1sts create the clash when they change. If
both sections do a messa di voce on each note, the tension created when the 1sts change will be completely lost. If the 2nds do some messa di voce on each note, while the 1sts give each note a strong front, the clashes will be pleasingly emphasised.
Many players now interpret Geminiani's words to mean that one should avoid clicking, crunching or accenting every bow change; take care over how notes are started and finished; and pay attention to how a note ought to be "shaped" in its harmonic context. His own examples later in the book, where he has a little "crescendo" sign over every crotchet in a series of eight or more, seems to imply this. Sometimes the "shape" of a true messa di voce works well, but ought to be used sparingly. Sometimes it makes more sense to crescendo throughout, to diminuendo throughout, or even to do the opposite of a messa di voce (dim then cresc - this is often very effective on pedal points).
**********
just saw richard barrett's post - yes, I'll be playing the solo part. Not sure I can push their stultifying omnipresence away, though, seeing as I'll be doing them in St Martin in the Fields, where they seem to get an outing at least twice a week... But I'm trying to see that as an extra challenge to make them exciting and fresh.
And I do know that Pachelbel's Canon will
not form part of the programme. (Maybe we should do the grossly neglected Gigue as an encore, if required?) I'll let everyone know about it closer to the date (not for a few months yet).
hmm, the washing machine seems to have stopped...