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Author Topic: Music in Universities  (Read 3504 times)
Ian Pace
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« on: 12:42:00, 11-03-2007 »

Following on from harmonyharmony's comments elsewhere, this is just to start a thread where we can talk about the current state of music in education, student's level of knowledge or skills, or otherwise, the attitudes to teaching and research, and so on. I'll post some thoughts of my own later.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
trained-pianist
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« Reply #1 on: 21:20:59, 11-03-2007 »

I can only say about where I was studying (Moscow and California) because here there is no music department. May be there will be one (there are rumors).
Also I am playing with somebody who studies in Cork. They are probably capital of musical education in Ireland.
There are two types of music education. There is a kind where they push performance and all the rest of subject are not as important (performance oriented departments) or there are BA oriented departments after which students are expected to work as administrator assiatants or something.

Is this contraversial statement? They say here that they don't need as many performers. In Russia there were Theory and Performance faculty in college.
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reiner_torheit
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« Reply #2 on: 22:32:33, 11-03-2007 »

Quote
after which students are expected to work as administrator assiatants or something.

I liked your "something" Wink  Actually this is exactly what Rodger Wright became with his BMus (Hons).
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #3 on: 00:19:21, 12-03-2007 »

It has often seemed to me that the boundaries between academic music/musicology, composition and performance are much more fluid in the UK than most other places. Both in the US and in much of continental Europe, as far as I can see, these fields are rigidly demarcated, whereas that really isn't the case to the same extent here. I'm quite interested to know more about what you describe in this respect, t-p.

I'm forever wrestling with the issue of what exactly the purpose of musicology is. In terms of preparing new editions, studying performance practice, etc., it's not difficult to see how such work has wider implications, but the vast majority of musicological tomes (especially nowadays) seem to be written by and for fellow academics in their own self-enclosed world. It seems musicologists, especially the 'New Musicologists' are aware of their own unimportance in this sense, so they try to focus on issues of the canon and so on. Most of them are aiming to have almost all twentieth-century 'classical' music (especially that of a 'modernist' variety) removed from university syllabuses and replaced with popular music studies. And also the removal of composers in the former category from universities, which they argue are artificially propping up and institutionalising an irrelevant form of musical practice. All of this is backed up with lots of rhetoric to do with class, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, as well as 'post-modernism'. As the universities are one of the few places where it might still be possible to teach and aid understanding of more 'difficult' new music, as well as provide a sympathetic environment for adventurous composers, I think this is a real threat. I had the unenviable experience at the last place I was based of trying simply to encourage some students to listen to some Schoenberg, possibly even some Stockhausen. Not to have to like it by any means, but to listen to it first before arriving at a decision, and think about why it is the way it is. Another faculty member aligned with the New Musicology (otherwise a hopeless incompetent whose writings demonstrate a lack of ability even to be able to know what key some music he writes about is in, whilst basing crackpot theories on the very key structure) clearly tried to undermine this by passing on lots of propaganda to these students about how this music is nothing more than a vestige of white male hegemony and the like. Eventually I heard the students saying how relieved they were, now that they 'knew' this, that they did not need to try and listen to and understand this work.

In terms of popular music studies, I'm quite cynical - I'm sure in many cases the students could teach the faculty more about this music than vice versa. And the vast vast majority of academic writing on popular music is embarrassing and pretentious nonsense (compared to that in the better popular music press, say). What is really achieved through teaching it in universities, in place of learning about the Second Viennese School, post-war composers, and much more?
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
reiner_torheit
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« Reply #4 on: 01:34:51, 12-03-2007 »

Hi Ian

I think the ethos of what constitutes "musicology" varies widely between Universities.  I have the impression from colleagues who did the "Oxbridge" thing that the prevalance of Chapel Choir music within the life of the colleges led to a preponderance of views opposing other musical trends.  For example, a friend of mine who read Music at Cambridge remember his Professor referring to Schoenberg's music as "utter vomit".  When asked if that opinion included even Verklaerte Nacht, the same gentleman replied "If you are going to serve vomit, at least have the intellectual honesty not to put honey in it."

My own BMus course was rather odd, and the Department seemed to consist of a number of specialists, each burrowing away in his or her own field.  You could sign-up to spend time with any combination of them,  and the shape of what you learnt at the end was determined by whom you'd studied with.  I evaded any study of music after 1790 in this way.   Chance events could materially affect your studies...  I remember that consideration of "the later English lutenists" was terminated by the announcement "well, they are probably quite interesting, but it's getting dark and I've left my bicycle lights at home, so we shall have to omit any further discussion of them".

Actually a variety of composers, performers, R3 supremos etc managed to emerge from this course. Here in Russia this is barely understood.  If you are forced to admit you didn't go to Conservatoire, the scales from their eyes when they say "aha - theoretik!" - a worse condemnation of a musician than a Lifeguard who can't swim.  I'm an average recorder-player, clumsy pianist and bloody awful violist, but being seen to perform on these instrument has been vital in persuading colleagues that I don't sit in an ivory tower penning scathing assassinations of the work of Wolfgang Rihm all day Wink 
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #5 on: 01:46:35, 12-03-2007 »

Would you say then, Reiner, that the stark and rather narrow-minded opposition between the 'emotive' and the 'intellectual' with respect to attitudes to music (with, very roughly, performers and to some extent composers falling in the former category, practitioners of the 'Theoretik' (i.e. musicologists) in the latter) remains a dominant paradigm in musical thinking in Russia today?
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
reiner_torheit
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« Reply #6 on: 02:37:41, 12-03-2007 »

I'd say that was a very fair assessment of the situation, Ian.  "Theoretics" are limited to being critics, concert-presenters (all concerts in Russia are announced in the manner of a fairground barker, or Bruce Forsyth in The Generation Game - a practice which drives me quietly nuts), radio-presenters etc.  Almost no composers fall into this grouping.  Being able to get your sleeves up and knock-out an arrangement (quickly, with no fuss, and no emails asking what the ranges of the instruments or their transposing keys are) of something for Wind Octet is utterly foreign to the "theoretic".  Theoretics seem to hover on the periphery of music, and people expect them to say weighty things about "aesthetics".  A lot of them come from the "what Brahms liked for breakfast" school of musicology - and unfortunately feel obliged to hold forth on the topic when presenting concerts.

The best ludicrous comment I've heard was at Organ Recital in Ekaterinburg.  A woman with the appearance and mannerisms of Hattie Jacques emerged clad in what appeared to be a recycled barrage-balloon.  "Johann Sebastian Bach was an extremely genial man" she intoned with ponderous portent, as though this remark would come to us as a shock?  I was sharply reprimanded by an Attendant, and told that "any more tittering and you will be thrown out".  By way of introducing the rest of the items on the program (individually) we learned that Bach's proficiency in music arose from being the father of many children...  that he had taught the pianoforte to Anna Magdalena... and that he had written 24 Preludes and 24 Fugues, making 48 in total.   I have no idea where they get these people, but they are unfortunately numerous.

In all seriousness, however, Russia is still living in the shadow on the era of "culture instead of religion", a soviet-era shibboleth which hasn't yet died. Classical music - especially in the regions - is presented rather like castor oil...  highly unpleasant, but probably beneficial in ways which are not immediately obvious at the time.

Actually I was confronted by one of these ladies at a Festival Press Conference...  I was the last of the panel to present, and had just tried to be quite upbeat about a programme of Weill, Korngold, Spoliansky, and the Russian premiere of Ullmann's THE EMPEROR OF ATLANTIS.  The presiding Artistic Director asked if there were any questions, and a woman stood up, almost quivering with rage.  "Vladislav Mikhailovich, why are you allowing THIS MAN (pointing at me with an extended figure) to present THE MUSIC OF OUR ENEMIES?!"   I did my best to point out that all the composers in my programme were those named as "Enemies Of The Reich" by their own country, and Felix Wittmann, the Cultural Attache at the German Consulate, gave an impromptu speech of spirited support. (Marvellous though this was, it was a bit like getting an endorsement from Attilla The Hun).  Nevertheless, the lady involved arranged for my concert to be picketed by her students, and the audience had to pick their way through a rather angry group outside, chanting that I was a "British Nazi".   Actually we could not possibly have had better publicity (her attack on me was widely reported), and I secretly enjoyed the fact that his music could still engender such fierce - if utterly misplaced - emotions.  I gave out balcony tickets to the protesters inviting them to come in and see for themselves, if they agreed not to disrupt the performance, and some of them did.  They slunk off afterwards, somewhat ashamed of themselves, I believe.   

The root cause of it all was poor tuition...  they didn't know any more about these composers than that they were "German", and for them, that was already enough. I know this seems to have been a bit discursive, but my point is that these were supposed to be "Music History" students Sad
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trained-pianist
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« Reply #7 on: 09:50:19, 12-03-2007 »


With my limited knowledge I am trying to make sense of what I see. We were in many countries and were always connected to some university. It seems to me that there are big changes in government policies toward universities. Now they want it to be run like business. Students are units etc. Many departments are closed or reorganized into schools for "efficiency". For some reason it means more not less administrative layers. Universities don't want to run small classes anymore as it is not efficient. The emphasis is on applications and attracting students.

People want different things from Universities because each has different interests. It is not easy to fit in especially if policies change. There are types of music (and sciences) that should be supported by government because they are not commercial enough. What is clear to me is that at this point narrow minded populist policies are in, which doesnt mean one has to give up struggle and go into commerce.

 


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Ian Pace
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« Reply #8 on: 11:27:03, 12-03-2007 »

All so very very true, alas, t-p. Also, quality of teaching is hardly a factor any longer in universities - what counts is research points, attained through publications, performances (for composers), recordings, so on. In the UK, for the last 10-20 years there has been a decisive shift towards the type of 'university as business' ethos that you're describing, with students viewed as 'consumers' and so on. The idea that teaching and academic research might be gauged according to other criteria is rapidly going out of the window in the process. And the idea that, as you say, areas in the arts and sciences that are less commercial should be government-supported. That should be a cause for concern for all.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
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« Reply #9 on: 15:43:44, 12-03-2007 »

Ian, I think that my views are too extreme. There are still good opportunities in University. I am prone to be too pessimistic. Sometimes I think that now like always everyone has to entrepreneurial. I see now that many universities don't care for research as much as before because they change criteria of evaluation in Universities. And Universities want people who attract students (especially graduate or MA because they give more money for these students).
I think it is not all bad, it is just difficult to adjust because they change all the time.

For many academics musicians are priviledged because they can always make money on the side so to speak. And there are opportunities to write books and performe. It is better not to be dependent on them.

You should not listen to what I say because most of the time it is not completely true. I am waiting for other points of views. There are always so many opportunities.
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reiner_torheit
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« Reply #10 on: 17:22:25, 12-03-2007 »

Personally I believe the main opportunity University offers you is the chance to study for 3+ years.  Your lecturers and tutors may be of some help in this, but you shouldn't count on it.  You can - in most forward-thinking Universities - also attend lectures in other departments, and I found these some of the most interesting of all.  (For example, if you are studying medieval music, and you are not going to lectures in the French department on the poetry of the period, you should be asking yourself "why not?".  The same if you're studying Weill or Eisler - there is important stuff in the German and History Departments you should be looking for).

If what you want to know isn't taught where you are, then write to whoever it is at another University who can tell you?  My experience is that true experts are very keen to share their enthusiasms with others, provided that you're not hoping they will write your essays for you.  Make an appointment in advance, and say what it is you hope to discuss - more often than not you will get a "yes".  I got invitations to lectures at other Universities and Colleges in response to my letters, for example.

A modern University is a huge resource - not only of lecturers (who have their opinions), but the complete range of OTHER opinions in books, periodicals, etc.  Although academia is still dismissive about this, there's a lot of information to be found in the printed material released with cds these days (especially with box sets).  And there are broadcasts on TV and Radio.

It's not a school - there are no Inspectors to ensure you've turned-up.  It's your own chance to wallow in the luxury of time and resources that you'll never have again.
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eruanto
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« Reply #11 on: 17:38:57, 12-03-2007 »

As one of the few current music conservatoire students (i presume?) on here, i guess i should contribute to this thread, although of course it's not always easy to see things the way they are from the inside.

There are two types of music education. There is a kind where they push performance and all the rest of subject are not as important (performance oriented departments) or there are BA oriented departments after which students are expected to work as administrator assiatants or something.

In my particular case i would say that my course is about halfway between the two types that t-p describes. there are undoubtedly a lot of opportunities for performance, and for many of us that is by far the most important ingredient of the BMus degree. However the academic side does play an undeniably large role (although compared to many courses it seems insignificant Grin).

"Most of them are aiming to have almost all twentieth-century 'classical' music (especially that of a 'modernist' variety) removed from university syllabuses and replaced with popular music studies."

As regards this, Ian, I can assure you that in my case at least this is not how things appear. Last year the biggest slice of the academic side of the course was exclusively dedicated to classical music after 1945. I admit that prior to the start of my studies i did not relish the idea of studying any of this, but now having completed it it gave me the opportunity to explore music well outside my "comfort zone" - Schoenberg was the focus of one of the earliest lectures! The course concluded with such composers as Rihm, Turnage, Birtwistle, Ferneyhough, Adés, Benjamin...

As i say this is purely based on my own experience - i have no other accounts to back this up - but C20 Classical music is alive and well!
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roslynmuse
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« Reply #12 on: 22:27:47, 12-03-2007 »

Very interesting, Eruanto - I am involved (on the delivery side) in Conservatoire education, but from your description of c20th studies I don't think it is my Conservatoire...

My day-to-day experience is much closer to t-p's observations about universities being run like businesses. The same is certainly true in conservatoires. It affects the delivery of courses, it affects staffing, in the end it affects staff morale - and then the effect rebounds on to the students.

When I was a university student I don't think I quite realised how lucky I was in having a non-modular course; it meant that I studied music from the renaissance to the present day, performing was a compulsory element in years 1 and 2, composition right the way through the course; one specialised in the final year on a big project, either performance, composition or research, whilst keeping one's hand in with everything else. Reiner's comment about not studying anything after 1790 shows up the dangers of the modular approach, not so much for the high-fliers who will pursue their own interests whatever the syllabus, as for what were rather unkindly known in my day as the "basket-weavers"... Going to a Conservatoire for postgraduate study was a real culture shock that twenty years still hasn't soothed; the gap between high-fliers and basket-weavers is much wider now in my present workplace than it ever was, partly because of pressure to fill places with students who can pay high fees but who are not necessarily very able; partly because a superficial technical ability, revealed in entrance auditions, is no indicator of musicianship or - even worse - any INTEREST in music.

The truth is that there are many tuba students (for example) who can get around their instrument but can't count, can't phrase, know nothing about the music of Hindemith or Vaughan Williams other than the  Sonata/ Concerto - and who come out with a fairly respectable degree, do a year's PGCE and then pass on their (lack of) knowledge to the next generation...

Maybe I should post this in the Rant Room!!!
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trained-pianist
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« Reply #13 on: 22:45:34, 12-03-2007 »

I was afraid this thread will become rant room too.
A student asked to come and play a programme for me before her exam the day after. I agree as I taught her for a while. I thought she will not pass exam, but did not say much because there was nothing I could do in such a short time. How surprised I was when delighted student called me after exam to tell me that she got honors.
I think she stumbled through her pieces as it was the best she could do.
The same student got accepted into MA programme.
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roslynmuse
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« Reply #14 on: 22:47:48, 12-03-2007 »

t-p, the number of times I have had that experience...

 Huh

The world is a crazy place...
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