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Author Topic: Music in Universities  (Read 3504 times)
roslynmuse
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« Reply #45 on: 00:25:51, 15-03-2007 »

Paraphrasing Enright:

Remove the mystery and you remove the music
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #46 on: 00:31:26, 15-03-2007 »

The mystery remains there despite all that New Musicologists try to remove it - it's just they are pathologically unable to see it (not least because many of them have highly undeveloped powers of musical perception).
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
thompson1780
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« Reply #47 on: 00:40:08, 15-03-2007 »

Another big and important topic which I keep meaning to come back to, and which I am unlikely to do any justice to in a reply........  But here is my tuppenceworth anyway.

I speak from the position of someone who learnt violin and studied music thanks to a county scholarship, but studied maths at uni, and used my time there to do loads of playing.  For me there was no gap year, and my first year of maths was a write off and I was more interested in the other attractions of first time away from home........

But universtity did help me think differently.  I wasn't spoon fed, and had choice in my areas of the subject to cover.  But the tutors' ability to relate elements of one subject to another really helped shape how I think about things now - be that music, maths, work, whatever.  I'm sure that the practice of restricting teaching to one small specialist area without relating it to other disciplines and genres is damaging for learning.

I suppose my other thought is about the different roles of music college and university in music education.  Music college is primarily about performance, and university is primarily about study and history.  Or is that too much of a generalisation?  My problem with it all is that I don't really believe you can understand performance without understanding some of the history, and vice versa.

I'd also like to think that lots of music is about humans - their emotions, physical feelings, and spirit - something about the human condition.  How can you convey that unless you have lived it, or at least tried to understand a bit of the history of a particular era a piece comes from?  That needs to be taught too.

Oh, bother waffled incoherently again.

I'll shush now

Tommo

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Ian Pace
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« Reply #48 on: 00:47:20, 15-03-2007 »

Nothing waffly about that, thompson.

I wonder about making a radical suggestion, that the divide between music colleges and universities is dissolved, and that wider institutions are formed in which one can take various types of course involving different degrees of performance, composition and academic study? Separating the things out, particularly so that those involved in different fields have little contact with one another, rarely seems that productive to me.
« Last Edit: 01:14:49, 15-03-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
ernani
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« Reply #49 on: 01:09:14, 15-03-2007 »

I agree. As a professional academic (whatever that means!), we are constantly running up against the kind of 'ideal' but practicable organisation that Ian would want but that we can't have. It is like banging your head up against the wall, especially in a 'Russell Group' university. It's all about grants and money in the university sector now. How do you subject humanities subjects to metrics, as they're suggesting?
« Last Edit: 01:24:16, 15-03-2007 by ernani » Logged
marbleflugel
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« Reply #50 on: 00:53:03, 16-03-2007 »

I came at this topic elliptically but I'm encouraged by the scepticism about new models of FE as applied to Music
expressed here and by colleagues in academia. I had dinner a while ago with a couple of practicioner-lecturers
who recounted that earlier in the day their students had walked away from the opportunity to perfect a performance which was wobbly on the basis that they'd done their allotted time. Were they full-on pros this would
be understandable, but echoing Reiner's fine homily earlier it seems moronically churlish to adopt such a pose
when an oportunity like that presents itself. The same torpid attitude was about in parts of a media course I was
on in ancient times, wheras waht is needed now in that industry ,as in the portfolio careers of today in Music, is
can-do drop-of-a-hat flexibility.
There is something joyless yet fetishistic about the academic experience as a must-have in this day and age which
I would like to see replaced by, in effect, drop-in Professional development in which avowed practicioners learnt
and taught on an equal footing. The net may yet yield this, and a course I'm contemplating online seems to have
elements of this.
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cathythinks
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« Reply #51 on: 19:15:32, 17-03-2007 »

This is all very much to the point for me.

I work in a Philosophy department and we also have a music department in the same Faculty. We (the philosophers) and  they (the music lecturers) both agree that it's a good idea for the students to do a wee bit of philosophy in their first year, before going on to a degree in which musicology figures as a major part. But for the last two years we've struggled to get the students to engage with the introductory philosophical work. It doesn't seem to make any difference whether we add in stuff that's 'relevant' to music or not. They don't seem to want to think, and they can't understand why they're asked to do so.

(This is a rather bold generalisation: a few of them do take to it and do well, hooray!!!)

As you say, a lack of intellectual curiosity seems to be the predominant diagnosis.

Of course we're a bit spoiled in philosophy compared with other subjects, because students don't in general choose a philosophy degree if they don't want to be asked to think for themselves. But in other subjects it seems that the thought is "I need to go to Uni (to have a good time etc). What can I do that won't intrude too much into my good time? Like something I'm fairly good at and I won't need to read any books or what have you." 

We do end up with a few like that in philosophy: the ones who think philosophy is just about thinking blue skies thoughts and contemplating the meaning of life. But they've usually at least broken away from the idea that a degree is a means to a lucrative job.
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harmonyharmony
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« Reply #52 on: 12:08:02, 25-03-2007 »

I've finally got around to posting on this thread, now that term has ended.
My experience of a BA course in a fairly traditional music department, was that most of my classmates didn't actually like classical music (many of them told me this) and had no intention of doing anything other than getting a reasonable classification and then going on to do a job which involved them earning a lot of money. There were, however, a core of deeply committed people who set out to make the most of the opportunities granted them (I'd like to think that I was one of these). The course was extremely easy in the first year (mainly making sure that we had a basic grasp of music history from Bach to Beethoven; could produce Bach chorales, Haydn string quartets, Mendelssohn songs and fugal expositions on demand; had heard some music from outside our dominant culture (where I discovered Tibetan music); had heard some music written after 1945; and had mastered basic keyboard harmony, figured bass realisations etc. as well as demonstrating our performing abilities (or lack).
In the next two years we could specialise more and more (though by the time I got to my third year, the paucity of modules from which I could choose and the specialism of said modules was so extreme that I found it quite difficult to choose).
Throughout all three years, I spent most of my time composing and reading about composers and composition. This was reflected in many of my marks in other areas unfortunately...

My MA was in another university that offered a BMus course. The course was much more focused on practical aspects of music: on performance and on composition. The students put in an incredible amount of practice time but tended to see academic work as a distraction from what they were really there to do. Many of the students that I knew had a real passion for performance and wanted to go on to do something related to music.

I came back to my first institution to begin my PhD, and since then I have become more and more involved in the teaching side of the coin.
Some of our lecturers don't seem to be interested in teaching.
The RAE (or some twisted interpretation of same) is king in the academic world (or at least in this version of same).
'You've discovered what? Where are you getting it published and when? I don't care how interesting it is! If you don't get it published in this list of peer-reviewed journals then I'm just not interested.'
If you think that students are lazy, wait till you get into a staff meeting.
If our department was a business, it would have been declared bankrupt years and years ago.
Mismanagement, complete lack of training and completely missing-the-point bureaucracy make the whole thing completely problematic.
Academics are getting promoted to positions of responsibility on the basis of the length of time that they have been working for the university and the 'importance' (i.e. their research has got RAE brownie points) of their research, not on their ability to cope with responsibility, and then they aren't receiving any kind of training to deal with such responsibilities.
We have meetings where minutes are taken and then only circulated a week before the next meeting of that flavour (and believe me, we have more flavours of staff meetings than Walls do of ice cream), which is normally the next term, and then we sit around going through the minutes of the last meeting, only to discover that no-one has done anything...
Our HoD recently told me that he's found that lecturers coming from FE and from post-1984 universities, are more willing to put the time and thought necessary to teach effectively, and to fulfill deadlines (which, let's face it, if you're expecting students to fulfill deadlines is kind of necessary), and to do all the little things that would help the department run smoothly and effectively, than more 'traditional' HE academics.

So, what about the students?
Most students coming here enter at 1st year level with very little knowledge of the repertoire, outside of (normally) a maximum of 4 works that they have studied at A-Level, with almost no historical background to those pieces.
Most students are unable to perform basic stylistic composition, basic aural tests, notate music neatly, talk coherently about music or write essays.
When I started university, there were 4-5 people in my year group (about 50) who hadn't done Bach chorales before coming. Now, we find that there are 4-5 people in the year group (about 60) who have.
Given the feedback that we receive, many students believe that lecturers should only lecture on what will appear in the exam, and that everything that is necessary to getting a first in the exam, should be made completely available to them.
(By this I'm not saying that they expect that everything that they need for a first should be presented in a lecture, but more that they expect a rigorously circumscribed list of texts and recordings to which they should listen, without going through the indignity of using their initiative and seeking out alternative sources of information.)
Some of the teaching staff don't help matters by focusing on writing about writings on music in the undergraduate course.
We are potentially training a generation of students who can get a music degree without having to read a single note of music throughout their course.
This may be what the government wants, but it isn't what I (and many other music students and music academics) signed up for.

So, what can we do?
How can we revise the system, when the very people that we need to perform this revision (the academics) are going to want to protect their positions of irresponsibility? I really don't think that bringing in a national curriculum is going to help anyone (it's almost a given that it's going to be the reverse - after all, why do you think the standard of our incoming students is so low?) so it comes down to individual departments slowly transforming themselves. I'm quite willing to believe that some have - the attitudes that I was getting from the Manchester department when I applied for a job there certainly suggested that standards were higher there - but from where I'm standing, it's not going to happen here any time soon.

I really worry that students graduate, go into the real world to make lots of money, find out that they have to take initiative and 'think outside the box' and are completely freaked out. Crash and burn.

As you can see, I'm a little bit depressed about the state of my own department, and more generally about the state of music in HE in general, based on what I've seen here. The real problem comes down to coordinating the entire department to make a difference. If some of the members of staff are willing to spoon-feed the students, others are willing to near-completely abandon them to the lecture notes that they wrote 15 years ago, then how are they going to react to really positive models of teaching?
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #53 on: 13:10:03, 25-03-2007 »

So, what about the students?
Most students coming here enter at 1st year level with very little knowledge of the repertoire, outside of (normally) a maximum of 4 works that they have studied at A-Level, with almost no historical background to those pieces.
Most students are unable to perform basic stylistic composition, basic aural tests, notate music neatly, talk coherently about music or write essays.
When I started university, there were 4-5 people in my year group (about 50) who hadn't done Bach chorales before coming. Now, we find that there are 4-5 people in the year group (about 60) who have.
Given the feedback that we receive, many students believe that lecturers should only lecture on what will appear in the exam, and that everything that is necessary to getting a first in the exam, should be made completely available to them.
(By this I'm not saying that they expect that everything that they need for a first should be presented in a lecture, but more that they expect a rigorously circumscribed list of texts and recordings to which they should listen, without going through the indignity of using their initiative and seeking out alternative sources of information.)
Some of the teaching staff don't help matters by focusing on writing about writings on music in the undergraduate course.
We are potentially training a generation of students who can get a music degree without having to read a single note of music throughout their course.
This may be what the government wants, but it isn't what I (and many other music students and music academics) signed up for.

Just a couple of thoughts on what you have to say. The RAE indeed is king, with the prestige of one's research (or rather of where it is published) totally overriding any questions of teaching ability and so on. And some of the most highly rated peer-review journals can be enormously self-serving entities for a small batch of musicologists with no particular interest in communicating their ideas to any wider musical or other community, simply saying the 'right things' that will score them points with their peers (19th-Century Music, under its current editorship, would be a prime example). I've come across that 'all that counts is what we need for the exam' mentality quite a bit myself when teaching, as if the learning entailed has nothing more than a purely utilitarian function, to be taken in, regurgitated, then forgotten about when it's served its purpose. And in quite a few cases, it's not difficult to see how the mentality of the students is surely reinforced by the clear cynicism of their lecturers.

What you say about being able to get a music degree without having to read a note of music is a very real spectre, and that is also reflected in quite a bit of musicological work. Composers' writings, letters, reviews of their works, other contemporary texts, and lots of academic theories with nothing more than at best a tangential relationship to the work in question, and all brandished in a flashy manner, often with little or no engagment with actual works in terms of their manifestations in sound. I've lost count of the number of critiques of 'modernism' I've read that clearly demonstrate that the writer concerned has heard practically nothing of the music about which they are making lofty pronouncements (usually the one work they cite is Boulez's Structures 1a, as if everything else was like that - I reckon usually they haven't heard that either). Knowing the right books, quoting the most fashionable theories, seems to count for much more today in musicology than actually listening. All the other stuff is important and can be extremely valuable and illuminating, of course, but the hard bit is to relate it to the fabric of actual works. A lot of musicologists would rather not have to do that. And the students learn from their example, frequently Sad
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
Ian Pace
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« Reply #54 on: 13:31:58, 25-03-2007 »

By the way, isn't it interesting that higher education is the one place where no sort of training whatsoever is deemed necessary for teaching? I'm not advocating that we should have mandatory teaching qualifications in order to teach in universities, just suggesting that teaching ability itself seems to be perceived as of relatively little consequence in such places. One can do the poacher-turned-gamekeeper process in just a year or few years, going from student to lecturer in the same subject. And also be assigned duties of personal responsibility for students, many of whom are away from home for the first time and in a highly vulnerable situation. At the last institution I was at, I found it shocking what a callous attitude towards the students, as people, certain lecturers had. Happy to bitch about them, dismiss them with just a few words, but utterly uninterested when they did well. Just mere teaching fodder. They deserve better.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
harmonyharmony
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« Reply #55 on: 14:12:01, 25-03-2007 »

By the way, isn't it interesting that higher education is the one place where no sort of training whatsoever is deemed necessary for teaching? I'm not advocating that we should have mandatory teaching qualifications in order to teach in universities, just suggesting that teaching ability itself seems to be perceived as of relatively little consequence in such places.
In the first year of teaching here, you have to take a course that allegedly teaches you to teach.
Though, from what I've heard, it's mainly concerned with matters of health & safety, e-learning (why we should be doing it, not how to do it), avoiding any kind of political incorrectness etc. and doesn't actually touch on effective teaching.
Furthermore, from what I've heard, these courses are taught in a manner that is completely uninspiring, and, moreover, demonstrates bad teaching.
Our in-house mentoring scheme is a JOKE, and I just can't go on talking about it - it's nearly as depressing as posting on tOP!
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roslynmuse
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« Reply #56 on: 14:35:16, 25-03-2007 »

By the way, isn't it interesting that higher education is the one place where no sort of training whatsoever is deemed necessary for teaching? I'm not advocating that we should have mandatory teaching qualifications in order to teach in universities, just suggesting that teaching ability itself seems to be perceived as of relatively little consequence in such places.
In the first year of teaching here, you have to take a course that allegedly teaches you to teach.
Though, from what I've heard, it's mainly concerned with matters of health & safety, e-learning (why we should be doing it, not how to do it), avoiding any kind of political incorrectness etc. and doesn't actually touch on effective teaching.
Furthermore, from what I've heard, these courses are taught in a manner that is completely uninspiring, and, moreover, demonstrates bad teaching.
Our in-house mentoring scheme is a JOKE, and I just can't go on talking about it - it's nearly as depressing as posting on tOP!

At the three HE institutions I have taught at, the first was a straight into the lion's den situation, with no help, guidance, mentoring, etc etc; the second ditto although there are the occasional gusts from Human Remains about keeping our noses clean re sleeping with students etc (ie we can do it so long as we tell our line managers and then don't assess the students concerned...); the third is the only place where I have gained a certificate "proving" I can teach, although the day's training didn't involve anything to do with teaching other than being told that "the attention span of students is notoriously short - change the delivery method of your lectures every 15 - 20 minutes." Oh, and how to spot plagiarism in essays. (Something that I suspect anyone with half a brain can do anyway.) The second institution is trying to encourage all staff members to get membership of the Institute of Teaching and Learning (or is it the other way round?) at OUR expense... HR comes up with all sorts of schemes to justify its existence - appraisal, peer review, etc etc which it quickly loses interest in (my last appraisal was in 2003 and it was never written up...) These schemes are to HR what RAE is to the higher echelons of the institution. I could go on, but like hh find it too depressing...
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #57 on: 14:52:32, 25-03-2007 »

Oh, and how to spot plagiarism in essays. (Something that I suspect anyone with half a brain can do anyway.)

Usually when you read things like the following:

'I think that Beethoven knew how to write very well, and in his late works he composed even better. Quite a few of the late pieces sound quite slow and long at times, which I think makes them sound a bit profownd. He was getting quite old then, so he must have written differently. In the third variation from the Arietta of Op. 111, the music assumes a type of cosmic energy which nonetheless grows out of the preceding sections, as a result of the consistency of the underlying pulse and the prefiguring of the basic rhythmic cells, the effect defamiliarised through the use of offbeat sforzandi as a means of subverting the whole sense of pulse and metre, a device that was later to be used by Schumann in his Humoreske. I like this mouvmeant very much, it sort of grows on you the more you hear it. The first time I went to the library to listen to it, I didn't like it that much, but now it's better. The 'heroic' topos can be observed through much of Beethoven's middle-period (though, as Burnham[5] and Lockwood[6] remind us, this particular construction may derive from an excessive concentration on certain works wrongly perceived as archetypal - for more on this subject, see Jane Smith - 'Rethinking myths of Heroic Masculinity: Desire and self-fashioning in the Eroica as Enlightenment's Other', in Journal of Musicological Self-Reflexivity, Vol. 93 No. 2 (Aug 2001), pp. 117-193), but in the later period we can observe a withdrawal into musical stasis and spatialisation, as elucidate in problematic fashion in Adorno's 'Beethoven's Late Style', an essay which has been reasonably criticised for neglecting questions of Beethoven's possible African genealogy. All in all, I think that these pieces of Beethoven, in which he reformatted the classical style, must have been very good and influencial, because lots of other composers liked them and wrote in the same sort of way.' (etc.)
« Last Edit: 14:56:17, 25-03-2007 by Ian Pace » Logged

'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
richard barrett
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« Reply #58 on: 15:06:29, 25-03-2007 »

Ian, I'm not sure that the cynical attitude towards students that you mention would necessarily be mitigated by having the lecturers attend more courses! I think, from my position of relatively little experience, and, from the comments on this thread, obviously untypical experience too, a lot of these problems must arise from university teachers feeling that their day job is an onerous necessity forced on them by the impossibility of making a living at whatever their vocation might be, rather than an opportunity for their teaching activities to feed into the practice of that vocation in a creative and enlightening way, so that students and teachers both benefit from the relationship, instead of neither of them doing so (apart from the teacher receiving his or her salary).
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Ian Pace
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« Reply #59 on: 15:15:44, 25-03-2007 »

Ian, I'm not sure that the cynical attitude towards students that you mention would necessarily be mitigated by having the lecturers attend more courses! I think, from my position of relatively little experience, and, from the comments on this thread, obviously untypical experience too, a lot of these problems must arise from university teachers feeling that their day job is an onerous necessity forced on them by the impossibility of making a living at whatever their vocation might be, rather than an opportunity for their teaching activities to feed into the practice of that vocation in a creative and enlightening way, so that students and teachers both benefit from the relationship, instead of neither of them doing so (apart from the teacher receiving his or her salary).

Absolutely agreed to all of that. I'm not suggesting that we should have lecturers attend more courses (mandatory courses for teaching at a primary and secondary school may not be all they are cracked up to be, anyhow), just pointing out the low importance that seems to be attached to teaching in higher education. And when many of the lecturers don't particularly seem to like or care about music that much (it's just another 'discursive practice' or something like that), it's probably not altogether surprising when something of that attitude rubs off on the students.
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'These acts of keeping politics out of music, however, do not prevent musicology from being a political act . . .they assure that every apolitical act assumes a greater political immediacy' - Philip Bohlman, 'Musicology as a Political Act'
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